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Field
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Research Front Name
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Description
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Agricultural
Sciences
|
FUNCTIONAL FOOD HEALTH CLAIMS; ISSUES SURROUNDING HEALTH
CLAIMS; PRODUCT-SPECIFIC HEALTH CLAIM PROCESSES
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Clinical data demonstrate that the consumption of barley
products is effective for lowering total and LDL
cholesterol.
|
Biology &
Biochemistry
|
PROTEIN TYROSINE NITRATION; NO-DEPENDENT PROTEIN NITRATION;
NITRIC OXIDE-MEDIATED PROTEIN MODIFICATIONS
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The occurrence of protein tyrosine nitration under disease
conditions represents a shift from the signal transducing
physiological actions of nitric oxide to oxidative and
potentially pathogenic pathways.
|
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Chemistry
|
  BIMETALLIC CLUSTER STRUCTURES; OPTIMUM
STRUCTURES; ALLOY NANOCLUSTERS; MAGIC POLYICOSAHEDRAL
CORE-SHELL CLUSTERS
|
Nanoclusters are now becoming of widespread use in various
applications, ranging from medicine (DNA-sequencing), to
memory storage (nano-magnets), optics
(quantum dots), and catalysis
(fuel
cells).
|
Emerging Research Comment by:
Riccardo Ferrando & Francesca Baletto
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Clinical
Medicine
|
WORK ABSENTEEISM INVOLVING NECK PAIN; COMMON NONSURGICAL
NECK PAIN TREATMENTS; WHIPLASH-ASSOCIATED DISORDERS (WAD)
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A synthesis to establish a baseline of the current best
evidence on the epidemiology, assessment and classification
of neck pain, as well as interventions and prognosis for
this symptom.
|
Computer
Science
|
QUANTITATIVE REAL-TIME POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION (PCR)
DATA; BIOASSAY ANALYSIS USING R; ASSUMPTION-FREE ANALYSIS
|
Quantification of messenger ribonucleic acids using
real-time polymerase chain reaction is being extensively
used in neurosciences, developmental biology, and medical
diagnostics.
|
Economics &
Business
|
CONDITIONAL LIKELIHOOD RATIO TEST; WEAK INSTRUMENTS;
OPTIMAL TWO-SIDED INVARIANT SIMILAR TESTS; INSTRUMENTAL
VARIABLES REGRESSION
|
Various procedures are now available for detecting and
handling weak instruments in the linear instrumental
variables model and, to a lesser degree, in nonlinear
generalized method of moments.
|
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Engineering
|
GATEABLE NANOFLUIDIC INTERCONNECTS; NANOFLUIDIC FILTER;
HYBRID THREE-DIMENSIONAL NANOFLUIDIC/MICROFLUIDIC DEVICES
USING MOLECULAR GATES
|
In a specific analysis implementation, nanochannel array
gating is applied to capillary electrophoresis separations,
allowing selected separated components to be isolated for
further manipulation.
|
Environment/
Ecology
|
 WILD VERTEBRATE POPULATIONS; EVOLUTIONARY
GENETICS; SEXUAL CONFLICT; REPRODUCTIVE SENESCENCE
|
A mosaic pattern of senescence challenges the generality of
the association between decreased extrinsic mortality and
delayed senescence and invites consideration of more
derived theories for the evolution of senescence.
|
Emerging Research Comment by:
David
Reznick
|
|
Geosciences
|
TRANSPORT PROCESSES USING HYDRUS; ADVANCED VADOSE ZONE
SIMULATIONS; MODELING NONEQUILIBRIUM FLOW; LONG-TERM
URANIUM TRANSPORT FOLLOWING PHOSPHORUS FERTILIZATION
|
Various approaches for modeling preferential and
non-equilibrium flow and transport in the vadose zone.
|
|
Immunology
|
ANTITUMOR T CELLS; ANTI-VACCINE T CELLS; HUMAN T CELL
RESPONSES; MELANOMA PATIENT VACCINATED
|
Melanoma patients usually mount a spontaneous T cell
response against their tumor. But at some point, the
responder T cells become ineffective, probably because of a
local immunosuppressive process occurring at the tumor
sites.
|
Materials
Science
|
NITRILOTRIACETIC ACID FUNCTIONALIZED GRAFT COPOLYMERS;
OPTICAL GRATING COUPLER BIOSENSORS;
POLY(L-LYSINE)-GRAFT-POLY(ETHYLENE GLYCOL) ASSEMBLED
MONOLAYERS
|
Optical waveguide lightmode spectroscopy is a highly
sensitive technique that is capable of real-time monitoring
of molecular interactions and is useful for accurate
bioaffinity sensing, which is a key issue in the
development of new drugs.
|
|
Mathematics
|
UNIVERSAL CLASSROOM BEHAVIOR MANAGEMENT PROGRAM; UNIVERSAL
CLASSROOM-BASED BEHAVIOR INTERVENTION; YOUNG ADULT SUICIDE
IDEATION
|
Growth mixture modeling represents unobserved heterogeneity
among the subjects using a finite-mixture random effects
model.
|
|
Microbiology
|
20 16S RRNA SEQUENCE RECORDS CURRENTLY HELD;
HIGH-THROUGHPUT RRNA ANALYSIS; RIBOSOMAL DATABASE PROJECT
(RDP-II)
|
The Ribosomal Database Project provides the research
community with aligned and annotated ribosomal ribonucleic
acid gene sequences, along with analysis services and a
phylogenetically consistent taxonomic framework for these
data.
|
Emerging Research Comment by:
Brendan J. Loftus (Feb.
2006)
|
Molecular Biology
& Genetics
|
UCSC GENOME BROWSER DATABASE; HUMAN GENOME BROWSER
|
A mature web tool for rapid and reliable display of any
requested portion of the genome at any scale, together with
several dozen aligned annotation tracks, is provided.
|
|
Multidisciplinary
|
N/A for this period
|
N/A for this period
|
Neuroscience &
Behavior
|
LIPOPROTEIN RECEPTOR-MEDIATED INDUCTION; TISSUE PLASMINOGEN
ACTIVATOR; MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE
|
With recent research emphasizing ways to reduce tissue
damage by both vascular and cell-based mechanisms, the
spotlight is now shifting towards the study of how blood
vessels and brain cells communicate with each other.
|
Pharmacology &
Toxicology
|
 P21-ACTIVATED KINASE CANCER BIOLOGY;
ACETAMIDE (OSU-03012) CELECOXIB DERIVATIVE
|
P21-activated kinases serve as important regulators of
cytoskeletal dynamics and cell motility, transcription
through mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades, death
and survival signaling, and cell-cycle progression.
|
Emerging Research Comment by:
Gary
M. Bokoch
|
|
Physics
|
 TIME-DEPENDENT DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY;
EXCITED ELECTRON-ION DYNAMICS; MANY-BODY
GREEN'S-FUNCTION APPROACHES
|
An alternative approach to calculating electronic
excitations is the time-dependent density-functional
theory, which offers the important practical advantage of a
dependence on density rather than on multivariable Green's
functions.
|
Emerging Research Comment by:
Giovanni Onida, Lucia Reining & Angel
Rubio
|
Plant &
Animal Science
|
 ARABIDOPSIS GLUCOSE SENSOR HXK1;
CARBON-DEPRIVED ARABIDOPSIS SEEDLINGS; GLOBAL
TRANSCRIPTION PROFILING REVEALS MULTIPLE SUGAR SIGNAL
TRANSDUCTION MECHANISMS
|
Plants use hexokinase as a glucose sensor to interrelate
nutrient, light, and hormone signaling networks for
controlling growth and development in response to the
changing environment.
|
Emerging Research Comment by:
Jen Sheen
|
Psychiatry/
Psychology
|
 VISUAL PERCEPTUAL LEARNING; REVERSE
HIERARCHY THEORY; FRAGMENT-BASED HIERARCHY; VISUAL
SYSTEM
|
A new coherent conceptual framework, Reverse Hierarchy
Theory, is applied to behavioral, electrophysiological, and
imaging data of perception and perceptual learning.
|
Emerging Research Comment by:
Merav Ahissar & Shaul Hochstein
|
Social Sciences,
general
|
GERMAN HEALTH INTERVIEW; ADOLESCENTS (KIGGS); GERMAN
ENVIRONMENTAL SURVEY
|
The aim of this nationwide interview and examination survey
was to collect, for the first time, comprehensive and
nationwide data on the health status of children and
adolescents in Germany, aged 0 to 17 years.
|
Space
Science
|
LARGE STELLAR EVOLUTION DATABASE; VICTORIA-REGINA STELLAR
MODELS; LOW-MASS WHITE DWARFS; WHITE DWARF COOLING SEQUENCE
|
Tables are used to convert several sets of Padova
isochrones into the corresponding absolute magnitudes and
colors, providing a useful database for several
astrophysical applications.
|
|
2002-2008_3
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