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Field
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Research Front Name
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Description
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Agricultural
Sciences
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ENVIRONMENTAL SCRUTINY USING ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
SYSTEMS; ENVIRONMENTAL ASSURANCE; CATCHMENT MANAGEMENT
PERSPECTIVES
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Environmental Management Systems have been adapted by
different agricultural industries to suit their needs
and to align with other requirements such as Quality
Assurance.
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Biology &
Biochemistry
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ESCHERICHIA COLI K-12 BIOFILMS; MATURATION;
METALLOCENTER ASSEMBLY; HYDROGENASE ENZYMES; TEMPORAL
GENE-EXPRESSION
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Recent developments in the analysis of the maturation
of [FeFe]- and [NiFe]- hydrogenases have revealed a
remarkably complex pattern of mostly novel biochemical
reactions.
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Chemistry
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POLYMER ELECTROLYTE MEMBRANES; PROTON EXCHANGE
MEMBRANES (PEMS); ALTERNATIVE POLYMER SYSTEMS; FUEL
CELLS
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Alternative polymer systems for proton exchange
membranes.
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Clinical
Medicine
FEATURED
FRONT: with corresponding map
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NOSOCOMIAL METHICILLIN-RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS
(MRSA) INFECTION; VANCOMYCIN-RESISTANT ENTEROCOCCUS
CONTROL MEASURES; INTENSIVE CARE UNITS; HOSPITAL
PATIENTS COLONIZED
Research Front Map for:
NOSOCOMIAL
MRSA INFECTION
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Active surveillance cultures are essential to identify
the reservoir for spread of Methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus and Vancomycin-Resistant
Enterococcus infections and make control possible using
the CDCs long-recommended contact precautions.
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Computer
Science
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 PROTEIN SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION USING
N-TERMINAL TARGETING SEQUENCES; FUZZY K-NN METHOD;
PREDICTING SUBCELLULAR LOCALIZATION; AMINO ACID
COMPOSITION
Emerging Research Comment by:
Minoru Kanehisa
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Proteins are the main players involved in various
cellular functions, and subcellular location is the key
information required for the understanding of such
functions.
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Economics &
Business
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 PROCESS MANAGEMENT; AMBIDEXTERITY
HYPOTHESIS; ORGANIZATIONAL
AMBIDEXTERITY
Emerging Research Comment by:
Mary J. Benner
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Process management activities must be buffered from
exploratory activities. Ambidextrous organizational
forms provide the complex contexts for these
inconsistent activities to coexist.
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Engineering
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DETERMINISTIC MINE BURIAL PREDICTION SYSTEM; SEA MINE
BURIAL PREDICTION; SCOUR BURIAL USING OPERATIONAL DATA
SETS; MINE-IMPACT BURIAL MODEL (IMPACT35) VERIFICATION
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A simple parameterized model for wave-induced burial of
mine-like cylinders as a function of grain-size,
time-varying, wave orbital velocity and mine diameter
was implemented and assessed against results from inert
instrumented mines.
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Environment/
Ecology
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PURIFIED CARBON NANOTUBES; SURFACE OXIDIZED CARBON
NANOTUBES; CARBON NANOMATERIALS; ADSORPTION
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Experimental results suggest that cadmium(II)
adsorption capacities for three kinds of oxidized
carbon nanotubes increase due to the functional groups
introduced by oxidation compared with the as-grown
carbon nanotubes.
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Geosciences
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 ZIRCON SHRIMP CHRONOLOGY; NORTHWEST
CHINA; XINJIANG
Emerging Research Comment by:
Yong-Feng Zhu
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Volcanic rocks occurring in different regions might
represent magma eruption in different time periods. The
zircon Sensitive High Resolution Ion Microprobe dating
indicates that the ages of the basalt varies between
334.0 Ma and 394.9 Ma.
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Immunology
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LYMPHOCYTE ACTIVATION; CASPASE-8 MUTATIONS LEAD;
NF-KAPPA B ACTIVATION; PLEIOTROPIC DEFECTS; HUMAN
IMMUNODEFICIENCY
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Caspase-8 deficiency in humans is compatible with
normal development and shows that caspase-8 has a
postnatal role in immune activation of naive
lymphocytes.
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Materials
Science
FEATURED
FRONT: with corresponding map
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MAGNETIC VORTEX CORE REVERSAL; VORTEX CORE-DRIVEN
MAGNETIZATION DYNAMICS; ULTRAFAST NANOMAGNETIC TOGGLE
SWITCHING
Research Front Map for:
MAGNETIC
VORTEX CORES
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The size and the shape of the vortex core as well as
its magnetic field dependence are governed by only two
material parameters, the exchange stiffness and the
saturation magnetization that determines the stray
field energy.
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Mathematics
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SUB-THRESHOLD ENDEMIC EQUILIBRIA; REPRODUCTION NUMBERS;
COMPARTMENTAL MODELS; DISEASE TRANSMISSION; EPIDEMIC
MODEL
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A precise definition of the basic reproduction number
is presented for a general compartmental disease
transmission model based on a system of ordinary
differential equations.
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Microbiology
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PHYLOGENETICALLY COMPLEX MICROBIAL CONSORTIUM; VERTICAL
TRANSMISSION; UNIFORM MICROBIAL COMMUNITY; MARINE
SPONGES; MICROBIAL FERMENTERS
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A picture emerges where sponges can be viewed as highly
concentrated reservoirs of so far uncultured and
elusive marine microorganisms.
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Molecular Biology
& Genetics
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HISTONE DEACETYLASE 6 (HDAC6)-MEDIATED TUBULIN
DEACETYLATION; MICROTUBULE-ASSOCIATED DEACETYLASE;
DOMAIN-SELECTIVE SMALL-MOLECULE INHIBITOR
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Results show that histone deacetylase 6 is the tubulin
deacetylase, and provide evidence that reversible
acetylation regulates important biological processes
beyond histone metabolism and gene transcription.
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Multidisciplinary
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MICRORNA-155 REGULATES GERMINAL CENTER RESPONSE;
MACROPHAGE INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE; NORMAL IMMUNE
FUNCTION
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Research suggests that bic/microRNA-155 plays a key
role in the homeostasis and function of the immune
system.
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Neuroscience &
Behavior
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 MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS; PREMYELINATING
OLIGODENDROCYTES; CHRONIC LESIONS;
REMYELINATION
Emerging Research Comment by:
Bruce D. Trapp
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Understanding the cellular interactions between
premyelinating oligodendrocytes, axons, and the
microenvironment of lesions of multiple sclerosis may
lead to effective strategies for enhancing
remyelination.
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Pharmacology &
Toxicology
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SELECTIVE GLUCOCORTICOID RECEPTOR AGONIST; SIDE
EFFECTS; THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS; GLUCOCORTICOIDS
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The differential molecular regulation of the major
anti-inflammatory actions of glucocorticoids and their
side effects is the basis for the current drug-finding
programs aimed at the development of dissociated
glucocorticoid receptor ligands.
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Physics
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 ENVIRONMENT-INDUCED SUDDEN DEATH;
ENTANGLEMENT; QUANTUM OPEN SYSTEM THEORY; CLASSICAL
NOISE EFFECTS; TWO JAYNES-CUMMINGS
ATOMS
Emerging Research Comment by:
Ting Yu & Joseph Eberly
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Under the influence of pure vacuum noise two entangled
qubits become completely disentangled in a finite-time,
and in a specific example the time is given by
ln((2+root2)/2) times the usual spontaneous lifetime.
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Plant &
Animal Science
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PLANT METABOLIC NETWORKS; ELEMENTARY METABOLITE UNITS
(EMU); METABOLIC FLUX CHANGES; MODELING ISOTOPIC
DISTRIBUTIONS; INTRACELLULAR AMINO ACIDS
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Efficient storage of carbon in seeds is crucial to
plant fitness and to agricultural productivity. Oil is
a major reserve material in most seeds, and these oils
provide the largest source of renewable reduced carbon
chains available from nature.
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Psychiatry/
Psychology
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 CHRONIC TIC DISORDERS WITH/WITHOUT
ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER;
CO-EXISTING ATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY
DISORDER
Emerging Research Comment by:
Mary M. Robertson
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Tourette's Syndrome is now recognized to be a common
childhood onset neurodevelopmental disorder. Attention
deficit hyperactivity disorder is also a common
childhood disorder. There are many cases in which the
two disorders are comorbid.
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Social Sciences,
general
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PRESCRIPTION-DRUG UTILIZATION; MEDICAL UTILIZATION;
THREE-TIER PRESCRIPTION COPAY; INCENTIVE-BASED
FORMULARIES
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Many employers have adopted incentive-based formularies
in an attempt to control prescription-drug costs.
Changes in copayments can substantially alter
out-of-pocket spending by enrollees, continuation of
the use of medications and the quality of care.
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Space
Science
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HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE ACS 2 DEG(2) COSMOS FIELD
SPITZER LEGACY SURVEY; LARGE VLT/VIMOS REDSHIFT SURVEY;
COSMIC EVOLUTION SURVEY (COSMOS)
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The Cosmic Evolution Survey is designed to probe the
correlated evolution of galaxies, star formation,
active galactic nuclei, and dark matter with
large-scale structure over the redshift range z >
0.5-6.
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2001-2007_5
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This symbol indicates that the author(s) of the
comments below have also sent along accompanying images/descriptions
of their work.
